EDC 241

ANSWERS ARE HIGHLIGHTED IN GREEN COLOUR

1. Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development in which a child gains independence from

caregivers is:

A. Initiative vs guilt

B. Autonomy vs shame and doubt

C. Basic trust vs mistrust

D. Industry vs inferiority

2. When becoming old and looking back, people tend to evaluate their life and want to

know if they lived a successful life. At what stage of Erickson’s psychosocial stages is

the above description synonymous to?

A. Integrity vs despair

B. Identity vs role confusion

C. Intimacy vs isolation

D. Generativity vs stagnation

3. In a fertilized egg, the cell divides and expands outward to become an embryo. This is

the principle of

a) Development being sequential

b) Development being continuous

c) Cephalocaudal principle

d) Proximodistal principle

4. During prenatal period, the spinal cord develops and then the head, chest and trunk

grow followed by the arms and legs. This is an example of ……………

A. Development is continuous

B. Proximodistal principle

C. Development is sequential

D. Cephalocaudal principle

5. A relatively lasting / permanent change in behavior as a result of experience is

termed…….

A. Growth

B. Learning

C. Maturity

D. Intelligence

6. According to Erickson, which group of people are significant in integrity versus

despair? ………….

A. Household, workmates

B. Friends, partners

C. Peers, role models

D. Mankind, my kind

7. In a Piagetian classroom, children are encouraged to discover themselves through

spontaneous interaction with the environment, rather than the presentation of ready[1]made knowledge. ………….

A. True

B. False

8. According to research, structural abnormalities include deletions, translocation, inversions and duplication. Inversion is the process whereby ………….

A. A portion of one chromosome is missing

B. A portion of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosome and turned

C. A portion of a chromosome is broken off and turned upside down and reattached

D. A portion of the chromosome is duplicated resulting in extra genetic material

9. Which developmental theory was based on how each stage, a person experiences a

crisis which could have a positive or negative outcome for personality development?

A. Operant conditioning

B. Psychosocial theory

C. Cognitive theory

D. Classical

10. A newborn will need support with the head, by two months after which the physical

control will move downwards to the arms and to the legs. This phenomenon is termed

as …………….

A. Cephalocaudal Principle

B. Development is Sequential

C. Proximodistal Principle

D. Development is Continuous

11. What characteristics are normally seen in the play patterns of the 4-year-old child?

A. The 4-year-old puts toys away without supervision

B. The 4-year-old frequently has imaginary playmates

C. The 4-year-old enjoys a group of 5 or 6 peers

D. The 4-year-old engages in solitary and parallel play most of the time

12. Environmental factors that shape development include all the following except……

A. Quality of nutrition

B. Intelligence

C. Culture

D. Quality of learning

13. Kofi is a teacher in Unipra JHS, he had an in-service training on threats to prenatal development. After the training, Kofi’s perceptions of his students changed. He is likely to do the following except, ………………

A. Refer students with medical conditions to the school nurse

B. Design his instruction to suit all the students

C. Collaborate with parents of students with special needs

D. Cane students who score low marks in class test

14. Trisomy 21 is caused by an extra copy of the 21st chromosome. It also known as ……...

A. Turner’s syndrome

B. Klinefelter syndrome

C. Down syndrome

D. Fragile X syndrome

15. Ama was born in 1985 and after 15 years Ama has increased in height, body parts have

been magnified and also the organs and body systems. One could realize that Ama’s

height, size and gait has changed. This phenomenon is termed ………...

A. Changes

B. Growth

C. Maturity

D. Learning

16. As Ekow became older, his brain developed in a way that meant he was able to handle

more complex tasks than he could before. This phenomenon meant that Ekow

is/has…………

A. Changed

B. Grown

C. Matured

D. Learned

17. As a child develops, he or she adds to the skills already acquired and the new skills

become the basis for further achievement and mastery of skills. This is an instance of

A. Development being Sequential

B. Proximodestal Principle

C. Cephalocaudal Principle

D. Development being Continuous

18. Growth is Asynchronous. This means…………...

A. There are individual rates of growth

B. Growth proceeds from center upwards

C. Growth is characterized by critical periods

D. It is influenced by environmental factors

19. A baby boy with klinefelter syndrome is known to have……………

A. Ocular Albinism (OAI) on the X chromosome

B. An extra X chromosome in most of its cell

C. A breakage of the tip of an X chromosome

D. An extra Y chromosome

20. Kwame and Ama are planning to get married and have children. Kwame is a carrier of

the sickle cell disease. Ama has a normal hemoglobin gene combination. What is their

percentage chance of having children who do NOT have the sickle trait?

A. 50%

B. 100%

C. 25%

D. 0%

21. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development began with his study of: ……….

A. Mollusks

B. Children

C. sRhesus monkeys

D. Dogs

22. Pick the odd one out………

A. Zygote

B. Fetus

C. Embryo

D. Ovum

23. The following influences growth except,

A. Genetics

B. Disease

C. Nutrition

D. Social status

24. Which of the following is true concerning prenatal exposure to smoke? ………

A. Significantly increased infant growth

C. Increase risk of sudden infant death syndrome

D. Increased future behavioral performance

25. Piaget reasoned that before the individual can organize and interpret experiences, they

must first……………...

A. Receive appropriate tuition

B. Create schemas

C. Intellectualize it

D. Represent it mentally

26. Physical characteristics such as weight, height, skin, color and psychological

characteristics such as intelligence and personality are synonymous to? …………

A. Phenotype

B. Zygote

C. Genotype

D. Chromosome

27. The cognitive stage in which abstract thought emerges is: …………...

A. Concrete operational stage

B. Preoperational stage

C. Sensorimotor stage

D. Formal operational stage

28. Hemophilia A&B is more prevalent in female children …………

A. True

B. False

29. All the following are periods of prenatal development except ………….

A. Embryonic

B. Germinal

C. Postpartum

D. Fetal

30. Kukua is married and found that she has the sickle cell trait and the husband is sickle

anaemic. What is their percentage chance of giving birth to a child without a sickle cell

trait nor sickle cell anaemia? …………..

A. 50 percent

B. 75 percent

C. 0 percent

D. 25 percent

31. The cognitive abilities of an adolescent differ from that of a child primarily in that,

unlike a child, an adolescent thinking is not necessarily tied to …………….

A. Fantasy

B. Concrete events

C. Abstract ideas

D. Logic

32. Piaget believed that extensive interaction with …………... is essential for each person’s

cognitive development.

A. Authority figures

B. One’s own family

C. Other children

D. The environment

33. I can be measured, and I am influenced by genetics. I am also characterized by quantity.

Who am I?

A. Growth

B. Maturity

C. Learning

D. Development

34. Kukua is married and found that she has the sickle cell trait and the husband too has

sickle cell trait. What is their percentage chance of giving birth to a child who is sickle

cell anaemic? ……………

A. 25 percent

B. 75 percent

C. 50 percent

D. 100 percent

34. At the germinal stage the sperm cell and the ovum (egg) combines to form a single cell

called ………………

A. Fetus

B. Zygote

C. Embryo

D. Ectoderm

35. A deviation of the 23rd pair of chromosomes leads to ……turner syndrome.

36. According to Erickson, what virtue is exhibited in integrity versus despair? ………

A. Love

B. Care

C. Wisdom

D. Competence

37. The principle of human development which explains that a child’s first step occurs as

a result of aggregation experience is……………….

A. Proximodistal

B. Cephalocaudal

C. Epigenetic

D. Asynchronous

38. Piaget theory of cognitive development is essentially about ……………...

A. The influence of the social world on the growing child

B. The development of the ability to think

C. Therapeutic procedures to correct cognition

D. Problems in sensory-motor development

39. The most risky STORCH infection within the first trimester of pregnancy is …Rubella

40. Abena, beginning this week, has begun to engage in goal directed behavior, thus cause

and effect relationship. Abena can be said to have developed………….

A. Primary circular reaction

B. Secondary circular reaction

C. Tertiary circular reaction

D. Coordination of secondary circular reaction

41. If two variables are directly correlated, a change in one variable is accompanied by a

………… change in the other.

A. Exponential

B. Positive

C. Negative

D. Progressive

42. Before the nineteenth century, man tried to study himself via all the following EXCEPT

A. Guesses

B. Intuitions

C. Superstitions

D. Speculations

43. Kobby was six inches tall two months ago, however as at yesterday he measured eight

Inches. Kobby has experienced……………….

A. Improvement

B. Maturation

C. Growth

D. Development

44. Kwame my first son, before the lockdown could only brush his teeth. However, two

weeks in the lockdown, Kwame can bath as well. Kwame is said to have……………...

A. Matured

B. Developed

C. Grown

D. Learned

45. Adwubi initially could not do simple multiplication, however, after receiving tutorial

from her sister on the use of the multiplication table, she has overcome her initial

difficulty. Adwubi achieved this milestone as result of……………...

A. Zone of proximal development

B. Trial and error

C. Imitation

D. Scaffolding

46. In experimental research, the group that receives the treatment is called

the………..group.

A. Confounded

B. Controlled

C. Experimental

D. Extraneous

47. Akosua sees herself as the most intelligent and pretty girl in the whole Mampong

municipality. What concept explains Akosua’s behavior?

A. Selfishness

B. Egocentrism

C. Animillism

D. Conservation

48. Adwoa was told by a midwife to be aware of continuum of biological and

environmental conditions that are used to identify children whose well-being are at risk.

This advice Adwoa received highlights…………….

A. Developmental risk

B. Teratogens

C. Embryopathy

D. Genetic disorders

49. Adoma knows that quantity of objects remains same if nothing is added despite changes in spatial arrangement. Adoma has acquired the principle of

A. Object permanence

B. Class inclusion

C. Reversibility

D. Conservation

50. My aim is to assist people to understand how human language has evolved over the

thousands of year of human existence. My proper name should be………….

A. Clinical psychology

B. Language psychology

C. Existence psychology

D. Educational psychology

E. Evolutionary psychology